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The isolation ward, how is it insulated from the virus?
The isolation ward, how is it insulated from the virus?The clean room industry serves the design and construction of wards, laboratories, testing rooms, and operating theatres in the healthcare system. How do clean isolation wards work in keeping out viruses?Firstly, it is important to clarify the concept of an isolation ward versus a general cleanroom ward. An isolation ward is a ward where patients with a confirmed diagnosis of an infectious disease are grouped together and physically separated from other patients, thus preventing the spread of pathogenic microorganisms through the use of air and protecting the uninfected population from the threat of contaminated air. Isolation wards have more human, material, and technical safeguards than general wards to ensure that patients with confirmed infectious diseases are treated well and promptly. So, how do isolation wards isolate contaminated air? I. Strict zoning. Infectious isolation ward clean area, semi-contaminated area, contaminated area of each area of strict zoning, reasonable layout. The contaminated area is a patient or patient secretions of the region, such as the sick room, toilet, bathroom, washroom, dirty clothes, and dirt storage. Clean area refers to the area without the above pollution, such as the storage room, pharmacy, sterilization room, duty room, etc. in the isolation area. Semi-contaminated area refers to the transition area between the two, such as buffer rooms, isolation corridors, preparation rooms, and so on. The three regions are well-divided, with clear signs of isolation and functional attributes, and do a good job of this step, followed by technology, equipment, and personnel control to achieve air will not be cross-pollution. II. Differential pressure control. Air is flowing from high to low, In an isolation area functional zoning planning, does a good job of differential pressure control, you can effectively avoid isolation ward air flow to the isolation area outside. According to the difference in air pressure between the isolation room and the neighboring room or the outside world, the isolation ward can be classified as follows: Class S (standard differential pressure): used for isolation by contact transmission and oral droplet transmission. Category N (negative differential pressure): for isolation of airborne diseases. Category P (positive differential pressure): for isolation of immunocompromised patients, e.g. organ transplant patients. As we all know, the new coronavirus spreads through oral droplet transmission and contact transmission, which is suitable for standard differential pressure control. Considering the large scale of this epidemic and the high concentration of airborne viruses in the isolation area, the isolation ward with negative differential pressure is also suitable. Isolation ward pressure difference can be controlled in the isolation bathroom at -20pa, isolation ward: at -15pa, and anteroom (buffer room): at -10pa, clean area +10 ~ +15pa. The differential pressure gradient in the above isolation area can effectively control the flow of air airflow. Airflow from the clean area to the polluted area of the directional airflow can effectively prevent the ward from polluted air outflow. III. Air exchange and exhaust. The isolation ward set up a special air conditioning purification system, generally using the whole fresh air exhaust, fresh air by the primary, medium, and high-efficiency triple filtration, air volume 10 ~ 15 times / h, can effectively reduce the concentration of contagious droplets in the isolation zone, isolation ward requirements shall not be set up the indoor circulating unit, the exhaust air needs to be centralized, such as high-efficiency filtration, UV disinfection or high-temperature disinfection, to protect the surrounding environment from contamination. IV. People flow route control. Organizing the flow of people is the first prerequisite for an infectious isolation ward. New coronavirus through droplet or contact transmission for a long time, a large number attached to the health care workers on top of the protective device, so the receiving hospital will be strictly controlled the flow of personnel. Healthcare workers are arranged according to the flow of clean, semi-contaminated, and contaminated areas, and each level of access to the area requires passing through hygienic places such as changing and washing. Medical staff and patients use different channels, patients enter the isolation ward through the peripheral corridor (contaminated channel). This design realizes that the clean route and the contaminated route are separated and do not cross each other, thus effectively isolating the virus. V. Logistics transfer window. The medical staff corridor and isolation ward are equipped with closed transfer windows for transferring food and medicine to patients. Patients' meals are processed by the kitchen in the clean area and sent to the transfer window through the working channel, and the food trucks do not enter the isolation ward, which effectively reduces the entry and exit of personnel. The contaminated waste used by patients is sealed and transferred to an incinerator or medical waste treatment center for centralized treatment by the contaminated channel to effectively curb the virus in the isolation area from entering into the clean area. |
